Antananarivo Safety Guide

Antananarivo Safety Guide

Health, security, and travel safety information

Safe with Precautions
Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar, presents a mixed safety picture for travelers. While the city is not among Africa's most dangerous destinations, visitors should exercise heightened awareness and take practical precautions. The city experiences moderate levels of petty crime, particularly in tourist areas and crowded markets, though violent crime against tourists is relatively uncommon. The main challenges for visitors include pickpocketing, bag snatching, and opportunistic theft, especially in busy areas like Analakely Market, Avenue de l'Indépendance, and around hotels. Infrastructure can be inconsistent, with poorly lit streets at night and uneven road conditions posing additional risks. Political demonstrations occasionally occur and should be avoided. With sensible precautions—such as avoiding displaying valuables, staying alert in crowded areas, and using reliable transportation—most travelers visit Antananarivo without incident. The local population is generally friendly and welcoming to tourists, and many visitors find their experience rewarding when they remain vigilant and follow local advice.

Antananarivo is reasonably safe for travelers who remain vigilant, avoid displaying wealth, and take standard urban safety precautions, particularly regarding petty crime.

Emergency Numbers

Save these numbers before your trip.

Police
117 or 020 22 227 35
Response times can be slow; limited English spoken
Ambulance
124 or 020 22 240 16
Limited ambulance services; private transport to hospital often faster
Fire
118
Fire services available but may have limited equipment
Tourist Police
020 22 258 69
Located near major tourist areas; more likely to have French or English speakers
Gendarmerie
020 22 204 60
Military police; can assist in rural areas or when regular police unavailable

Healthcare

What to know about medical care in Antananarivo.

Healthcare System

Healthcare in Antananarivo is limited compared to Western standards, with a two-tier system consisting of public hospitals (often overcrowded and under-resourced) and private clinics that cater to expatriates and tourists with better facilities and English/French-speaking staff.

Hospitals

Recommended private facilities include Clinique des Sœurs Franciscaines, Centre Hospitalier de Soavinandriana (CENHOSOA), and Espace Médical. These accept international patients and have better standards than public hospitals. Always call ahead or have your hotel arrange admission.

Pharmacies

Pharmacies (pharmacie) are widely available in Antananarivo, marked with green crosses. Many common medications are available without prescription, but quality can vary. Bring prescription medications from home with documentation, as specific brands may be unavailable.

Insurance

Travel insurance with comprehensive medical coverage and medical evacuation is absolutely essential. Verify your policy covers Madagascar and includes evacuation to Réunion or South Africa, as local facilities cannot handle all serious conditions.

Healthcare Tips

  • Bring a comprehensive first-aid kit and sufficient supplies of any prescription medications you need
  • Keep copies of prescriptions and medical records with you
  • Drink only bottled or purified water to avoid waterborne illnesses
  • Ensure routine vaccinations are up to date; consult a travel clinic about malaria prophylaxis, typhoid, hepatitis A/B, and yellow fever
  • Private clinics require upfront payment; keep credit cards and cash available for medical expenses
  • Have your embassy or hotel recommend specific doctors or clinics before you need them

Common Risks

Be aware of these potential issues.

Petty Theft and Pickpocketing
High Risk

Pickpocketing, bag snatching, and theft from vehicles are the most common crimes affecting tourists. Thieves often work in pairs or groups, with one creating a distraction while another steals belongings.

Use a money belt or hidden pouch for valuables, avoid carrying bags on the street-side shoulder, keep phones and cameras concealed when not in use, and never leave belongings visible in vehicles. Be especially vigilant in crowds and markets.
Armed Robbery and Mugging
Medium Risk

While less common than petty theft, armed robberies do occur, particularly at night and in isolated areas. Criminals may use knives or occasionally firearms.

Avoid walking after dark, use trusted taxi services rather than walking, travel in groups when possible, and comply immediately if confronted. Don't resist or fight back.
Vehicle-Related Theft
Medium Risk

Theft from parked or stopped vehicles is common, including smash-and-grab incidents at traffic lights and theft from parked cars.

Keep car doors locked and windows up while driving, never leave valuables visible in vehicles, park in secured areas, and be alert at traffic lights and intersections.
Traffic Accidents
High Risk

Poor road conditions, erratic driving, lack of street lighting, pedestrians in roadways, and poorly maintained vehicles create significant traffic hazards.

Hire experienced local drivers rather than driving yourself, avoid travel after dark when possible, always wear seatbelts, and be extremely cautious as a pedestrian.
Food and Waterborne Illness
Medium Risk

Traveler's diarrhea, typhoid, hepatitis A, and other waterborne diseases are risks due to inconsistent food hygiene standards and contaminated water.

Drink only bottled water, avoid ice in drinks, eat only thoroughly cooked food, choose busy restaurants with high turnover, and wash hands frequently.
Malaria
Low to Medium Risk

While Antananarivo is at relatively high altitude (reducing malaria risk compared to coastal areas), cases do occur, especially during the rainy season.

Consult a travel doctor about antimalarial medication, use insect repellent containing DEET, wear long sleeves and pants at dawn and dusk, and sleep under mosquito nets if accommodation isn't screened.
Civil Unrest and Demonstrations
Low to Medium Risk

Political demonstrations and strikes occur periodically and can turn violent or lead to roadblocks and disruptions.

Monitor local news and your embassy's travel advisories, avoid all demonstrations and large gatherings, have backup plans for transportation, and stay in your accommodation during periods of unrest.

Scams to Avoid

Watch out for these common tourist scams.

Fake Tour Guides

Individuals approach tourists claiming to be official guides, offer tours at inflated prices, may take you to shops where they receive commission, or lead you to isolated areas for robbery.

Only use guides recommended by your hotel or reputable tour companies, verify credentials, agree on prices in advance in writing, and politely but firmly decline unsolicited offers of guide services.
Gemstone and Vanilla Scams

Sellers approach tourists with 'special deals' on precious stones or vanilla, claiming they're authentic local products at bargain prices. Items are often fake or drastically overpriced.

Only purchase such items from established, reputable shops. Be extremely skeptical of street sellers. If it seems too good to be true, it is. Don't buy from anyone who approaches you on the street.
Taxi Overcharging

Taxi drivers quote inflated prices to tourists, claim meters are broken, or take unnecessarily long routes to increase fares.

Agree on the fare before entering the taxi, ask your hotel for typical prices to your destination, use hotel-arranged taxis when possible, or use ride-hailing apps if available. Learn basic French numbers to negotiate.
Distraction Theft

One person creates a distraction (spilling something on you, asking for help, showing you something) while an accomplice steals your belongings.

Be aware of your surroundings, keep bags in front of you and zipped, be suspicious of unusual interactions or 'accidents,' and check for your valuables after any unexpected encounter.
Charity and Begging Scams

Individuals, sometimes children, approach with stories of needing money for food, medicine, or school fees. Some are part of organized begging operations.

If you want to help, donate to established charities rather than individuals. Politely decline and move on. Giving money can encourage aggressive begging and exploitation of children.
Hotel and Accommodation Scams

Taxi drivers or touts claim your booked hotel is closed, full, or has problems, and try to take you to a different hotel where they receive commission.

Confirm your reservation before arrival, call the hotel directly if someone claims it's unavailable, and insist on going to your booked accommodation. Have the address written down clearly.

Safety Tips

Practical advice to stay safe.

Money and Valuables

  • Carry only the cash you need for the day; leave excess money and valuables in hotel safes
  • Divide money between different locations on your person and in your luggage
  • Use ATMs inside banks during business hours rather than standalone machines
  • Keep a photocopy of your passport separate from the original
  • Avoid displaying expensive jewelry, watches, cameras, or phones
  • Consider using a dummy wallet with small amounts of cash in case of robbery

Transportation

  • Use hotel-arranged taxis or reputable taxi companies rather than hailing taxis on the street
  • Avoid public transportation (taxi-brousse) which can be overcrowded and unsafe
  • If renting a vehicle, hire a local driver who knows the roads and conditions
  • Avoid traveling between cities after dark due to poor road conditions and crime risk
  • Keep car doors locked and windows up while driving
  • Have the address of your destination written in French or Malagasy

Accommodation

  • Choose hotels in safer neighborhoods like Isoraka, Ambohijatovo, or near the airport
  • Ensure your room has secure locks and use them, including chain locks
  • Don't open your door to unexpected visitors; verify identity through hotel staff
  • Use hotel safes for passports, extra cash, and valuables
  • Keep your room number private and don't discuss travel plans loudly in public areas

Personal Security

  • Stay alert and aware of your surroundings at all times
  • Trust your instincts; if a situation feels unsafe, remove yourself
  • Avoid walking alone, especially after dark
  • Don't accept drinks from strangers or leave drinks unattended
  • Learn basic French phrases for emergencies
  • Keep your embassy's contact information readily available
  • Register with your embassy upon arrival for safety updates

Health Precautions

  • Drink only bottled water and avoid ice in beverages
  • Eat at established restaurants rather than street food stalls when possible
  • Wash hands frequently or use hand sanitizer
  • Apply insect repellent regularly, especially at dawn and dusk
  • Avoid contact with animals to prevent rabies risk
  • Ensure vaccinations are current before arrival
  • Bring a comprehensive medical kit including antimalarial medication

Communication

  • Purchase a local SIM card for emergency communications
  • Keep your phone charged and carry a portable charger
  • Share your itinerary with family or friends back home
  • Keep important numbers saved in your phone and written down separately
  • Download offline maps of Antananarivo before arrival
  • Learn basic Malagasy and French phrases for asking for help

Information for Specific Travelers

Safety considerations for different traveler groups.

Women Travelers

Women travelers can visit Antananarivo safely with appropriate precautions. While harassment is less common than in some destinations, women may experience unwanted attention, particularly if traveling alone. Foreign women are sometimes perceived as wealthy, which can attract opportunistic criminals. Most local women dress modestly, and following suit can help reduce unwanted attention.

  • Dress modestly, covering shoulders and knees, to respect local customs and reduce attention
  • Avoid walking alone after dark; always use trusted taxis in the evening
  • If harassed verbally, ignore and walk away confidently; don't engage
  • Consider wearing a fake wedding ring to deter unwanted advances
  • Book accommodations in reputable hotels in safer neighborhoods
  • Join group tours rather than exploring alone, especially outside the city
  • Be cautious about sharing your room number or travel plans with strangers
  • Trust your instincts and remove yourself from uncomfortable situations immediately
  • Keep your phone charged and accessible for emergencies
  • Connect with other travelers or expat communities for advice and possible travel companions

LGBTQ+ Travelers

Homosexuality is legal in Madagascar, and there are no specific laws criminalizing same-sex relationships. However, there are also no legal protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.

  • Exercise discretion regarding sexual orientation and gender identity in public
  • Avoid public displays of affection with same-sex partners
  • Be cautious about discussing LGBTQ+ topics with locals unless you know them well
  • Research LGBTQ+-friendly accommodations before booking
  • Be aware that local attitudes may be less accepting than in Western countries
  • Consider booking private accommodations rather than shared spaces
  • Connect with international LGBTQ+ travel communities for current advice
  • Be prepared that some hotels may question unmarried same-sex couples sharing a room

Travel Insurance

Comprehensive travel insurance is absolutely essential for visiting Antananarivo and Madagascar. The limited healthcare infrastructure means serious medical conditions require expensive medical evacuation to Réunion, Mauritius, or South Africa. Additionally, the risk of theft, trip disruptions due to political unrest or weather, and potential flight cancellations make insurance critical for financial protection.

Emergency medical coverage with minimum $100,000 limit Medical evacuation and repatriation coverage (minimum $250,000) Coverage for theft and loss of belongings Trip cancellation and interruption coverage Coverage for adventure activities if you plan to visit national parks or engage in hiking 24/7 emergency assistance hotline Coverage for delays and missed connections Personal liability coverage
Get a Quote from World Nomads

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Read our complete Antananarivo Travel Insurance Guide →

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